Massive Haemoptysis - common aetiologies

Always consider TB, fungal infections(aspergillosis) and bronchiectasis as the most common cause of massive haemoptysis

Other common aetiologies of haemoptysis are:

Neoplasms

• carcinoma

• adenoma

• metastatic lung cancer

Cavitary lesions

• tuberculosis

• fungal infection

• lung abscess

• hydatid cyst

Interstitial or reticular lesions

• Goodpasture's syndrome

• Wegener's ganulomatosis

• bronchiectasis

• lymphangiolelomatosis

• infections

• Behcet's disease

• systemic lupus erythematosus

• chronic bronchitis

Vascular aetiologies

• mitral stenosis

• pulmonary infarct or embolism

• rupture of thoracic aneurysm

• arteriovenous malformation

• iatrogenic rupture of pulmonary artery by balloon-tipped catheter

• trauma

Coagulopathies

• von Willebrand's disease

• haemophillia

• thrombocytopenia