A traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs as a result of external physical force applied to the head or body that causes neurological dysfunction.
TBI severity is classified according to the patient's initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score on presentation to a healthcare facility:
- Moderate TBI: initial GCS score 9–12
- Severe TBI: initial GCS score 3–8
Assessment and monitoring
Assessment and monitoring of a patient with a moderate to severe traumatic brain injury.
Initial management
Rapid treatment aims to reduce mortality and morbidity, and prevent secondary brain injury.
Neurosurgical care and transfer
When and how to ensure patients with traumatic brain injury receive neurosurgical care.
Ongoing management
Ongoing treatment and support needed for moderate to severe brain injury.